Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: King of England Reigned 1377 to 1399
• Stories and Notes: King of England from 1377, effectively from 1389, son of Edward the Black Prince. He reigned in conflict with Parliament; they executed some of his associates in 1388, and he executed some of the opposing barons in 1397, whereupon he made himself absolute. Two years later, forced to abdicate in favour of Henry IV, he was jailed and died. In 1381 Richard was faced with the Peasants' Revolt, a result of the imposition of the Poll Tax in 1380. The leader of the Revolt, Watt Tyler, was stabbed and killed at Smithfield by the Lord Mayor of London, fearing for the safety of the king. Richard's apparent courage in facing the mobs gathered at Mile End and Smithfield also contributed to the failure of the uprising. Richard was born in Bordeaux. He succeeded his grandfather Edward III when only ten, the government being in the hands of a council of regency. His fondness for favourites resulted in conflicts with Parliament, and in 1388 the baronial party, headed by the Duke of Gloucester, had many of his friends executed. Richard recovered control in 1389, and ruled moderately until 1397, when he had Gloucester murdered and his other leading opponents executed or banished, and assumed absolute power. In 1399 his cousin Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford (later Henry IV), returned from exile to lead a revolt; Richard II was deposed by Parliament and imprisoned in Pontefract Castle, where he died of starvation.
• To Lady Kathleen: cousin 18 times removed

Notes:

Died:
Murdered

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Edward The Black Prince
• Occupation: Prince of Wales

Other Events and Attributes:

• Stories and Notes: King of England from 1327, son of Edward II. He assumed the government in 1330 from his mother, through whom in 1337 he laid claim to the French throne and thus began the Hundred Years' War. Edward was the victor of Halidon Hill in 1333, Sluys in 1340, Crécy in 1346, and at the siege of Calais 1346–47, and created the Order of the Garter. He was succeeded by his grandson Richard II. Edward's early experience was against the Scots, including the disastrous Weardale campaign in 1327. Forcing them to battle outside Berwick at Halidon Hill he used a combination of dismounted men-at-arms and archers to crush the Scots. Apart from the naval victory of Sluys his initial campaigns against France were expensive and inconclusive. Resorting to chevauchée (raids through enemy territory), he scored a stunning victory at Crécy, which delivered the crucial bridgehead of Calais into English hands. Due to the brilliant success of his son Edward of Woodstock (Edward the Black Prince) at Poitiers in 1356, and later campaigns, Edward achieved the favourable Treaty of Brétigny in 1360. He gave up personal command in the latter part of his reign. An inspiring leader, his Order of the Garter was a chivalric club designed to bind his military nobility to him, and was widely imitated. Edward improved the status of the monarchy after his father's chaotic reign. He began by attempting to force his rule on Scotland, winning a victory at Halidon Hill in 1333. During the first stage of the Hundred Years' War, English victories included the Battle of Crécy in 1346 and the capture of Calais in 1347. In 1360 Edward surrendered his claim to the French throne, but the war resumed in 1369. During his last years his son John of Gaunt acted as head of government.
• To Lady Kathleen: 18 x great grandfather
• Occupation: 1327 to 1377; King of England

Notes:

Occupation:
Edward assumed effective power in 1330 after imprisoning his mother and executing her lover Roger de Mortimer who had murdered his father; therafter his reign was dominated by military adventures. His victory in Scotland, especially at Haildon H ill 1333 encouraged him to plan (1363) the union of England and Scotland. Through his mother he claimed the French throne thus starting (1337) the Hundred Years War. His son John of Gaunt dominated the government during his last years.

Died:
Died of a Stroke.

Edward married Philippa, of Hainault on 24 Jan 1328 in York Minster, York, Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom. Philippa (daughter of Count of Hainault William, III and Jeanne De Valois) was born on 24 Jun 1311 in Valenciennes, France; died on 14 Aug 1369 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Notes:

Died:
Died of a dropsy-like illness

Other Events and Attributes:

• Stories and Notes: King of England from 1307, son of Edward I. Born at Caernarfon Castle, he was created the first Prince of Wales in 1301. Incompetent and frivolous, and unduly influenced by his favourite, Piers Gaveston, Edward struggled throughout his reign with discontented barons, who attempted to restrict his power through the Ordinances of 1311. His invasion of Scotland in 1314 to suppress revolt resulted in defeat at Bannockburn. When he fell under the influence of a new favourite, Hugh le Depenser, he was deposed in 1327 by his wife Isabella (1292–1358), daughter of Philip IV of France, and her lover Roger de Mortimer, and murdered in Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire. He was succeeded by his son, Edward III.
• To Lady Kathleen: 19 x great grandfather
• Occupation: 1301; 1st Prince of Wales
• Occupation: 1307 to 1327; King of England

Notes:

Occupation:
His reign was troubled by extravagances, his militarist disasters in Scotland notably at Bannockburn (1314)and unpopularity of his favourite peers Gaveston who died in 1312 and Hugh le Despencer 1262-1326. He was deposed on 21 Jan 1327, and murd ered by a red-hot poker in his bowels.

Died:
murdered

Edward married Princess of France Isabella Capet on 25 Jun 1308 in , , England, United Kingdom. Isabella (daughter of King of France Phillip Capet, IV and Queen of Navarre Joan, I) was born in 1295 in The Seine, Paris, , , France; died on 22 Aug 1358 in Hereford, Herefordshire, England, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Prnicess of France
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : William III the Good
• Occupation: Count of Hainault & Holland
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

William married Jeanne De Valois on 19 May 1305. Jeanne (daughter of Count of Valois Charles De Valois, III and Margaret Capet) was born in 1294; died on 7 Mar 1342. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent