Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Curtmantle, Fitzempress
• Occupation: Duke of Normandy
• Stories and Notes: King of England 1154–89. The son of Matilda and Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou, he succeeded King Stephen (c. 1097–1154). He curbed the power of the barons, but his attempt to bring the church courts under control was abandoned after the murder of Thomas à Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1170. The English conquest of Ireland began during Henry's reign. On several occasions his sons rebelled, notably 1173–74. Henry was succeeded by his son Richard (I) the Lionheart. Henry was lord of Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, and Count of Anjou, Brittany, Poitou, Normandy, Maine, and Gascony. He claimed Aquitaine through marriage to the heiress Eleanor in 1152. Henry's many French possessions caused him to live for more than half his reign outside England. This made it essential for him to establish a judicial and administrative system which would work during his absence. His chancellor and friend, Becket, was persuaded to become archbishop of Canterbury in 1162 in the hope that he would help the king curb the power of the ecclesiastical courts. However, once consecrated, Becket felt bound to defend church privileges, and he was murdered in Canterbury Cathedral 1170 by four knights of the king's household. In 1171 Henry invaded Ireland and received homage from the King of Leinster. In 1174 his three sons Henry, Richard and Geoffrey led an unsuccessful rebellion against their father.
• Stories and Notes: Movie Title: Becket Starring: Richard Burton as Thomas a Becket and Peter O'Toole as King Henry II Released: 1964 Production: Paramount
• To Lady Kathleen: 23 x great grandfather
• Occupation: 1154 to 1189; King of England

Notes:

Occupation:
First of the Angevin kings. He ruled an empire that stretched from the Tweed to the Pyrenees. In spite of frequent hostitilties with the French King his own family and rebellious Barons (culminating in the great revolt of 1173-74) and hisquarre l with Thomas Becket, Henry maintained control over his possessions until shortly before his death. His judicial andadministrative reforms which increased Royal control and influence at the expense of the Barons were of great constitutional impo rtance. Introduced trial by Jury.

Henry married Princess of Aquitaine Eleanor in 1152 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, , Aquitaine, France. Eleanor (daughter of Duke of Aquitaine William, X and Eleanor De Rochefoucauld) was born in 1122 in Bordeaux, , Aquitaine, France; died on 1 Apr 1204 in Abbey of Fontevrault, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, , Anjou, , Rhone-Alpes, France; was buried in Abbey of Fontevrault, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, , Anjou, , Rhone-Alpes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Richard I
• Also Known As : Richard I Coeur de Lion
• Also Known As : The Lionhearted
• Stories and Notes: Richard was the third son of Henry II. He twice rebelled against his father before he became King of England in 1189, but based himself in his Duchy in Aquitaine inherited from his mother Eleanor. He spent only six months of his reign in England and spoke only French. He appointed William Longchamp as Chancellor of England during his absence but he was overthrown by Richard’s brother John. Richard acquired a reputation as a leader and warrior becoming known as Richard ‘The Lion Heart’ or ‘Coeur de Lion’. His experience in warfare came from controlling rebellions in Poitou in the 1170s and against his father, Henry II, in 1183. He took up Henry's plans to recover Jerusalem on his accession in 1189 and set out to establish bases for crusades in Sicily in 1190 and Cyprus, which he took in 1191. Engaging in the siege of Acre, which he brought to a swift conclusion, he set off down the coast to Jaffa, conducting a fighting march against Saladin. In the third Crusade 1191–92 he won victories at Cyprus, Acre, and Arsuf (against Saladin), but failed to recover Jerusalem. While returning overland he was captured by the Duke of Austria, who handed him over to the emperor Henry VI. He was held prisoner until a large ransom was raised. On his release he returned briefly to England, where his brother John had been ruling in his stead. His later years were spent in warfare in France, where he was killed by a crossbow bolt while besieging Châlus-Chabrol in 1199. He left no heir.
• To Lady Kathleen: 23 x great uncle
• Occupation: 1189 to 1199; King of England

Notes:

Occupation:
Richard only spend 6 month while he was King in England. He was capture in Austria and was only released by Emporer Henry VI after payment of an enourmous ransom

Richard married Berengia Jimenez on 12 May 1191 in Limassol, , Limassol, Cyprus. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Geoffery II
• Occupation: Duke of Brittany

Geoffrey married Constance, of Brittany in 1181. Constance died in 1201. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Princess of England
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Eleanor married King of Castile Alfonso, VIII in 1177 in Burgos Cathedral, Castile, Spain. Alfonso (son of King of Castile Sancho, III) was born on 11 Nov 1155 in Castile, Spain; died on 6 Oct 1214 in Burgos, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : John Lackland (nickname)
• Occupation: King of England Reigned 1199 to 1216.
• Stories and Notes: His concessions did not buy peace for long and the Barons War continued. The barons sought French aid and Prince Louis of France landed in England supported by attacks from the North by Alexander II of Scotland. John fled and according to legend lost most of his baggage and the crown jewels when crossing the tidal estuaries of the Wash. He became ill with dysentery and died at Newark Castle in October 1216.
• Stories and Notes: His repressive policies and ruthless taxation to fund the warin France brought him into conflict with his barons which became known as the Barons War. In 1215 rebel baron leaders marched on London where they were welcomed by an increasing band of defectors from John’s royalist supporters. Their demands were drawn up in a document which became the known as the Magna Carta. John sort peace and met them at Runnymede where on 15th June 1215 he agreed to their demands and sealed the Magna Carta. It was a remarkable document which set limits on the powers of the king, laid out the feudal obligations of the barons, confirmed the liberties of the Church, and granted rights to all freemen of the realm and their heirs for ever. It was the first written constitution.
• Stories and Notes: John was nicknamed Lackland, probably because, as the youngest of Henry II's five sons, it was difficult to find a portion of his father's French possessions for him to inherit. He was acting king from 1189 during his brother Richard the Lion-Heart's absence on the Third Crusade. The legend of Robin Hood dates from this time in which John is portrayed as Bad King John. He was involved in intrigues against his absent brother, but became king in 1199 when Richard was killed in battle in France.
• Stories and Notes: Most of his reign was dominated by war with France. Following the peace treaty of Le Goulet there was a brief peace, but fighting resumed again in 1202. John had lost Normandy and almost all the other English possessions in France to Philip II of France by 1204. He spent the next decade trying to regain these without success and was finally defeated by Philip Augustus at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214. He was also in conflict with the Church. In 1205 he disputed the pope's choice of Stephen Langton as archbishop of Canterbury, and Pope Innocent III placed England under an interdict, suspending all religious services, including baptisms, marriages, and burials. John retaliated by seizing church revenues, and in 1209 was excommunicated. Eventually, John submitted, accepting the papal nominee, and agreed to hold the kingdom as a fief of the papacy; an annual monetary tribute was paid to the popes for the next 150 years by successive English monarchs.
• Stories and Notes: See Notes
• Stories and Notes: See Notes
• To Lady Kathleen: 22 x great grandfather

Notes:

Stories and Notes:
His reign saw renewal of war with Phillip II Augustus of France to whom he has lost several continental possesions including Normandy by 1205.

Stories and Notes:
Forced to signed Magna Carta on June 15, 1215 at Runnymede After he came into conflict with his Barons.

Died:
His later repudiation of the charter led to the first barons war 1215-17 during which John died.

Family/Spouse: Suzanne De Warenne. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Agatha Ferrers. Agatha (daughter of Earl of Derby William Ferrers and Silbil De Braose) was born in 1168 in Charltey, Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Queen Consort of England Isabella Taillefer on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, , Aquitaine, France. Isabella (daughter of Count of Angouleme Aymer Taillefer and Alice Courtaney) was born in 1186 in Angouleme, , Poitou-Charentes, France; died on 31 May 1246 in Fonteevrault. Maine-et-Loire, France; was buried in Abbey of Fontevrault, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, , Anjou, , Rhone-Alpes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Berenguela
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent
• Stories and Notes: 1196; Was breifly engaged to Conrad II, the duke of Swabia, but he was murdered in 1196 before they could be married.
• Occupation: 1198, Le; Queen Consort of Leon 1198-1204
• Occupation: 1217, Castile, Spain; Queen of Castile

Barengaria married King of Leon Alfonso, IX in 1198 (Marriage then annulled, Divorc) in , , , Spain, and was divorced in 1209. Alfonso (son of King of Castile Ferninand, II and Princess of Portugal Urraca) was born on 15 Aug 1171 in Zamora, Leon, Spain; died on 24 Sep 1230 in Villanueva de Sarria, Galicia, Lugo, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Blanche married King of France Louis Capet, VIII on 23 May 1200 in Eure, France. Louis (son of King of France Phillip Capet, II and Isabella, of Hainault) was born on 5 Sep 1187 in , , , France; died on 28 Nov 1226 in Montpensier, Auvergne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Richard Fitzroy, Richard of Dover
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Richard married Rohsia, of Dover in 1207 in Chilham, Kent, England, United Kingdom. Rohsia (daughter of Robert, of Dover and Isabel De Briwere) was born in 1188 in Chilham, Kent, England, United Kingdom; died in 1232 in Chilham, Kent, England, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Prince of Wales Llywelyn Fawr Ap Iowerth. Llywelyn (son of Iowerth Drwyndwn Ap Owain Mawr and Margaret, of Powys) was born in 1173 in Dolwyddelan, Nantconwy, Wales, United Kingdom; died on 11 Apr 1240. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Stories and Notes: King of England from 1216, when he succeeded John, but the royal powers were exercised by a regency until 1232, and by two French nobles, Peter des Roches and Peter des Rivaux, until the barons forced their expulsion in 1234, marking the start of Henry's personal rule. His financial commitments to the papacy and his foreign favourites antagonized the barons who issued the Provisions of Oxford in 1258, limiting the king's power. Henry's refusal to accept the provisions led to the second Barons' War in 1264, a revolt of nobles led by his brother-in-law Simon de Montfort. Henry was defeated at Lewes, Sussex, and imprisoned, but restored to the throne after the royalist victory at Evesham in 1265. He was succeeded by his son Edward I. On his release, Henry was weak and senile and his eldest son, Edward, took charge of the government.
• To Lady Kathleen: 21 x great grandfather
• Occupation: 1216 to 1272; King of England

Notes:

Occupation:
A minor when he took the throne he did not take the reigns of Government himself until 1234. Baronian discontent simmered, boiling over in 1258 when Henry facing financial disaster attempted to raise large sums from his magnates. Reforms were ag reed upon but then renouced by Henry. Simon de Montford lead a rebellion against the King (the Barons Wars) which was defeated after initial success, thereafter Henry ceeded much of his power to his son.

Henry married Countess of Provence Eleanor Berenger on 4 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England, United Kingdom. Eleanor (daughter of Count of Provence Raymond Berenger, V and Countess of Savoy Beatrice) was born in 1223 in Aix-en-Provence, , Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, France; died on 24 Jun 1291 in Amesbury Monastery, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom; was buried on 24 Jun 1291 in Priory of Ambesbury, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Earl of Cornwall

Eleanor married Earl of Leicester Simon De Monfort about 1230. Simon was born about 1200 in , , England, United Kingdom; died about 1260. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : The Saint
• Occupation: King of Castile & Leon in Spain
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Ferdinand married Joanna Dammartin in 1237 in Burgos, Spain. Joanna (daughter of Count of Aumale Simon Dammartin and Marie, of Ponthieu) was born about 1218 in Dammartin, France; died on 15 Mar 1278 in Abbeville, Somme, , Centre, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Nun at Las Huelgas, Burgos, where she died

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Barengaria

Family/Spouse: Count Jean De Brienne. Jean was born in 1195 in Acre, Holy Land, Jerusalem, `Abbasiya, , HaMerkaz, Israel; died on 21 Mar 1237 in Constantinople, Turkey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John, of Brienne. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Louis IX, St Louis
• Occupation: King of France
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Louis married Countess of Provence Marguerite Berenger on 27 May 1234 in Sens, Yonne, France. Marguerite (daughter of Count of Provence Raymond Berenger, V and Countess of Savoy Beatrice) was born in 1221 in , Alpes-de-Haute, Provence, France; died on 21 Dec 1295 in The Seine, Paris, , , France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Count of Artois
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Robert married Matilde, of Brabant on 14 Jun 1237. Matilde (daughter of Duke of Brabant Henry, II and Maria Hohenstaufens) died on 29 Sep 1288. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: King of Sicily & Naples in Italy, Count of Provence, Duke of Anjou
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Family/Spouse: Beatrice Berenger. Beatrice (daughter of Count of Provence Raymond Berenger, V and Countess of Savoy Beatrice) was born in 1234 in Bouches-du-Rhone, , Provence-Alpes-C; died on 23 Sep 1267 in Nocera Terinese, Calabria, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: King of Sicily and Jerusa

Carlo married Beatrice Berenger on 31 Jan 1246. Beatrice (daughter of Count of Provence Raymond Berenger, V and Countess of Savoy Beatrice) was born in 1234 in Bouches-du-Rhone, , Provence-Alpes-C; died on 23 Sep 1267 in Nocera Terinese, Calabria, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Richard De Douvres
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Richard married Countess of Angus Maud on 21 Dec 1247 in Dover, Kent, England, United Kingdom. Maud (daughter of Earl of Angus Malcolm and Mary Berkeley) was born in 1215 in Forfar, Angus, Scotland, United Kingdom; died on 18 Mar 1290 in , , , France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Edward I - Longshanks
• Stories and Notes: King of England from 1272, son of Henry III (1207–72). He led the royal forces against Simon de Montfort (the Younger) in the Barons' War of 1264–67, and was on a crusade when he succeeded to the throne. He established English rule over all of Wales in 1282–84, and secured recognition of his overlordship from the Scottish king, although the Scots under Sir William Wallace and Robert (I) the Bruce fiercely resisted actual conquest. His reign saw Parliament move towards its modern form with the Model Parliament of 1295. He married Eleanor of Castile (1254–90) and in 1299 married Margaret, daughter of Philip III of France. He was succeeded by his son Edward II (1284–1327). Edward was a noted castle builder, including the northern Welsh Conway castle, Caernarvon Castle, Beaumaris castle, and Harlech castle. He was also responsible for building bastides to defend the English position in France.
• To Lady Kathleen: 20 x great grandfather
• Occupation: 1272 to 1307; King of England

Notes:

Occupation:
In the Barons War 1264-67 he defeated the Barons at Evesham(1265) as King he is noted for encouraging Parliamentary institutions at the expense of feudalism and for subduing Waleson which he imposed the English system of administration. He late r tried to assert his authority over Scotland and died while on his way to fight Robert Bruce.

Edward married Princess of Castile Eleanor on 18 Oct 1254 in Abbey of Las Heulgas, Burgos, Spain. Eleanor (daughter of King of Castile Ferdinand, III and Joanna Dammartin) was born in 1244 in Castile, Spain; died on 28 Nov 1290 in Grantham, Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom; was buried on 16 Dec 1290 in Westminister Abbey, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married Princess of France Marguerite Capet de Valois on 8 Sep 1299 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England, United Kingdom. Marguerite (daughter of King of France Philip, III) was born in 1279 in The Seine, Paris, , , France; died on 14 Feb 1317 in Marlborough Castle, Marlborough, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom; was buried on 14 Feb 1317 in Grey Friars Church, Greenwich, Kent, England, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As : Crouchback
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Edmund married Blanche Capet on 29 Oct 1276 in The Seine, Paris, , , France. Blanche (daughter of Count of Artois Robert Capet, I and Matilde, of Brabant) was born in 1248 in Arras, , Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France; died on 2 May 1302 in The Seine, Paris, , , France; was buried on 2 May 1302 in Minoresses Convent, Monastery of St Clare, Aldgate, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]