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King of England George William Fredrick Hanover, III

King of England George William Fredrick Hanover, III

Male 1738 - 1820  (81 years)

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  • Name George William Fredrick Hanover 
    Title King of England 
    Suffix III 
    Relationshipwith Kathleen Alice Jones-Rouse
    Birth 4 Jun 1738  Norfolk House, St. James Square, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Gender Male 
    Occupation Kign of England Reigned 1750 to 1820 
    Stories and Notes George III, unlike his father and grandfather, was born in England. He became heir to the throne when his father Frederick, Prince of Wales, died in 1751 from a lung abscess (believed to be caused by a blow on the chest from a cricket ball) before he could succeed his father. George was shy and stubborn but well educated in science and arts. He became King George III in 1760 following the death of his grandfather. In 1761, after an official search for a suitable wife, he married Sophia Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz whom he first met on his wedding day. The couple enjoyed a happy marriage and he never took a mistress. They had 16 children including George (later George IV) and William (who became William IV) and they were married for 57 years. In 1762 he purchased Buckingham House in London which later became Buckingham Palace. George had high moral standards, and appalled by the loose morals of his brothers introduced the Royal Marriage Act in 1772 which made it illegal for members of the Royal Family to marry without the consent of the Sovereign. He was interested in agricultural improvement, and during his reign there were advances in manufacturing mechanisation including the spinning frame and steam engine.

    George was determined to be thrifty with his own and public expenses. He handed Parliament the right of income from Crown Estates in return for a Civil List annuity for the support of his household and expenses, an arrangement that continues today. Britain had been fighting a colonial war against France since 1756 with military success but at high financial cost. George appointed Lord Bute to negotiate the Treaty of Paris in 1762 to end the Seven years war. This caused patriotic outrage for the concessions it gave to the French including the rights of French colonists in North America to remain in Quebec and New Orleans. Lord North became Prime Minister determined to make the colonies pay for their own security. The Stamp Act of 1765 levied a tax on every official document in the British colonies and high customs duties introduced. These were mostly repealed in the face of American protests, with the exception of the tax on tea. In 1773 colonists threw chests of tea overboard in Boston harbour in a protest know as the ‘Boston tea party’.

    The American War of Independence began in April 1775 when colonists fought British troops at Lexington. George Washington was appointed commander of the Continental Army. On 4 July 1776 the Continental Congress under leadership of John Hancock declared independence. Fighting continued until 1781 when the British were defeated by Americans and French at Yorktown. In the Treaty of Paris in 1783 Britain agreed to recognise American independence. King George took the loss badly and considered abdication before facing the political and military realities. 1788 he suffered his first attack of insanity (now believed to be the result of the inherited disease porphyria) which was to plague him for the rest of his life. His son George, Prince of Wales, was made temporary regent an arrangement which became permanent in 1810.

    In 1789 France was shaken by revolution and King Louis XVI guillotined in 1793. Britain was once more at war with France. Attempted revolution by Catholics and French troops in Ireland was crushed and eventually union with Ireland was passed in 1801. By 1803 Napoleon Bonaparte was assembling a fleet for the invasion of England, but the French fleet was defeated by Admiral Horatio Nelson at the Battle Trafalgar in 1805. Napoleon defeated the Russians at Austerlitz but was forced to withdraw from Moscow by the Russian winter. The battles continued with the Peninsular War in which the British fought to drive the French from Spain. Napoleon was eventually defeated by British and German forces at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. George III died at Windsor Castle on 29 January 1820, after a reign of almost 60 years - the third longest in British history, and was succeeded by his son George IV. 
    Stories and Notes Movie

    Title: The Madness of King George
    Starring: Nigel Hawthorne as King George III,
    and Helen Mirren as Queen Charlotte
    Released: 1994
    Production: Channel Four Films 
    To Lady Kathleen 12 x cousin 8 times removed 
    Death 29 Jan 1820  Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Person ID I3332  Enchanted Family Tree
    Last Modified 6 Sep 2020 

    Father Prince of Wales Frederrick Louis Hanover,   b. 20 Jan 1707, Hanover, , Niedersachsen, Germany Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 31 Mar 1751, Leicester House, St Martin's, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 44 years) 
    Mother Augusta, of Saxe - Gotha,   b. 30 Nov 1719, Gotha, Germany Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 8 Feb 1772, Carlton House, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 52 years) 
    Marriage 8 May 1736  Chapel Royal, St.James Palace, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Family ID F1819  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family Duchess of Mecklenburg Sophia,   b. 19 May 1744, Mirow, Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Germany Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 17 Nov 1818, Kew Palace, Kew, Surrey, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 74 years) 
    Marriage 8 Sep 1761  Chapel Royal, St.James Palace, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location 
    Children 
     1. King of England George Augusta Frederick Hanover, IV,   b. 12 Aug 1762, St. James Palace, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 26 Jun 1830, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 67 years)
     2. King of England William Henry Hanover, IV,   b. 21 Aug 1765, Buckingham Palace, St.James Park, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 20 Jun 1837, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 71 years)
    +3. Duke of Kent Edward Augustus Hanover,   b. 2 Nov 1767, Buckingham House, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 23 Jan 1820, Sidmouth, Devonshire, England, United Kingdom Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 52 years)
    Family ID F1820  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
    Last Modified 14 Mar 2012 

  • Event Map
    Link to Google MapsBirth - 4 Jun 1738 - Norfolk House, St. James Square, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Link to Google Earth
    Link to Google MapsMarriage - 8 Sep 1761 - Chapel Royal, St.James Palace, London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Link to Google Earth
    Link to Google MapsDeath - 29 Jan 1820 - Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom Link to Google Earth
     = Link to Google Earth 

  • Photos
    George III of the United Kingdom    		George III of the United Kingdom