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• Stories and Notes: King of England from 1216, when he succeeded John, but the royal powers were exercised by a regency until 1232, and by two French nobles, Peter des Roches and Peter des Rivaux, until the barons forced their expulsion in 1234, marking the start of Henry's personal rule. His financial commitments to the papacy and his foreign favourites antagonized the barons who issued the Provisions of Oxford in 1258, limiting the king's power. Henry's refusal to accept the provisions led to the second Barons' War in 1264, a revolt of nobles led by his brother-in-law Simon de Montfort. Henry was defeated at Lewes, Sussex, and imprisoned, but restored to the throne after the royalist victory at Evesham in 1265. He was succeeded by his son Edward I. On his release, Henry was weak and senile and his eldest son, Edward, took charge of the government.
• To Lady Kathleen: 21 x great grandfather
• Occupation: 1216 to 1272; King of England

Notes:

Occupation:
A minor when he took the throne he did not take the reigns of Government himself until 1234. Baronian discontent simmered, boiling over in 1258 when Henry facing financial disaster attempted to raise large sums from his magnates. Reforms were ag reed upon but then renouced by Henry. Simon de Montford lead a rebellion against the King (the Barons Wars) which was defeated after initial success, thereafter Henry ceeded much of his power to his son.

Henry married Countess of Provence Eleanor Berenger on 4 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England, United Kingdom. Eleanor (daughter of Count of Provence Raymond Berenger, V and Countess of Savoy Beatrice) was born in 1223 in Aix-en-Provence, , Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, France; died on 24 Jun 1291 in Amesbury Monastery, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom; was buried on 24 Jun 1291 in Priory of Ambesbury, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Occupation: Countess of Provence
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

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• Also Known As : John Lackland (nickname)
• Occupation: King of England Reigned 1199 to 1216.
• Stories and Notes: His concessions did not buy peace for long and the Barons War continued. The barons sought French aid and Prince Louis of France landed in England supported by attacks from the North by Alexander II of Scotland. John fled and according to legend lost most of his baggage and the crown jewels when crossing the tidal estuaries of the Wash. He became ill with dysentery and died at Newark Castle in October 1216.
• Stories and Notes: His repressive policies and ruthless taxation to fund the warin France brought him into conflict with his barons which became known as the Barons War. In 1215 rebel baron leaders marched on London where they were welcomed by an increasing band of defectors from John’s royalist supporters. Their demands were drawn up in a document which became the known as the Magna Carta. John sort peace and met them at Runnymede where on 15th June 1215 he agreed to their demands and sealed the Magna Carta. It was a remarkable document which set limits on the powers of the king, laid out the feudal obligations of the barons, confirmed the liberties of the Church, and granted rights to all freemen of the realm and their heirs for ever. It was the first written constitution.
• Stories and Notes: John was nicknamed Lackland, probably because, as the youngest of Henry II's five sons, it was difficult to find a portion of his father's French possessions for him to inherit. He was acting king from 1189 during his brother Richard the Lion-Heart's absence on the Third Crusade. The legend of Robin Hood dates from this time in which John is portrayed as Bad King John. He was involved in intrigues against his absent brother, but became king in 1199 when Richard was killed in battle in France.
• Stories and Notes: Most of his reign was dominated by war with France. Following the peace treaty of Le Goulet there was a brief peace, but fighting resumed again in 1202. John had lost Normandy and almost all the other English possessions in France to Philip II of France by 1204. He spent the next decade trying to regain these without success and was finally defeated by Philip Augustus at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214. He was also in conflict with the Church. In 1205 he disputed the pope's choice of Stephen Langton as archbishop of Canterbury, and Pope Innocent III placed England under an interdict, suspending all religious services, including baptisms, marriages, and burials. John retaliated by seizing church revenues, and in 1209 was excommunicated. Eventually, John submitted, accepting the papal nominee, and agreed to hold the kingdom as a fief of the papacy; an annual monetary tribute was paid to the popes for the next 150 years by successive English monarchs.
• Stories and Notes: See Notes
• Stories and Notes: See Notes
• To Lady Kathleen: 22 x great grandfather

Notes:

Stories and Notes:
His reign saw renewal of war with Phillip II Augustus of France to whom he has lost several continental possesions including Normandy by 1205.

Stories and Notes:
Forced to signed Magna Carta on June 15, 1215 at Runnymede After he came into conflict with his Barons.

Died:
His later repudiation of the charter led to the first barons war 1215-17 during which John died.

John married Queen Consort of England Isabella Taillefer on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, , Aquitaine, France. Isabella (daughter of Count of Angouleme Aymer Taillefer and Alice Courtaney) was born in 1186 in Angouleme, , Poitou-Charentes, France; died on 31 May 1246 in Fonteevrault. Maine-et-Loire, France; was buried in Abbey of Fontevrault, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, , Anjou, , Rhone-Alpes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Also Known As : Isabella Of Angouleme
• Occupation: Countess of Angoul
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent
• Occupation: 1202; Queen of England

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• Occupation: 4th Count of Provence
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Notes:

Berenger was the last and most illustrious of the Royal Proven

Raymond married Countess of Savoy Beatrice on 5 Jun 1219 in , , England, United Kingdom. Beatrice (daughter of Count of Savoy Thomas De Maurienne, I and Beatrice Faucigny) was born in 1201 in Chambery, Savoy, France; died in Dec 1266 in , , , France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Occupation: Countess of Savoy
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

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• Also Known As : Curtmantle, Fitzempress
• Occupation: Duke of Normandy
• Stories and Notes: King of England 1154–89. The son of Matilda and Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou, he succeeded King Stephen (c. 1097–1154). He curbed the power of the barons, but his attempt to bring the church courts under control was abandoned after the murder of Thomas à Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1170. The English conquest of Ireland began during Henry's reign. On several occasions his sons rebelled, notably 1173–74. Henry was succeeded by his son Richard (I) the Lionheart. Henry was lord of Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, and Count of Anjou, Brittany, Poitou, Normandy, Maine, and Gascony. He claimed Aquitaine through marriage to the heiress Eleanor in 1152. Henry's many French possessions caused him to live for more than half his reign outside England. This made it essential for him to establish a judicial and administrative system which would work during his absence. His chancellor and friend, Becket, was persuaded to become archbishop of Canterbury in 1162 in the hope that he would help the king curb the power of the ecclesiastical courts. However, once consecrated, Becket felt bound to defend church privileges, and he was murdered in Canterbury Cathedral 1170 by four knights of the king's household. In 1171 Henry invaded Ireland and received homage from the King of Leinster. In 1174 his three sons Henry, Richard and Geoffrey led an unsuccessful rebellion against their father.
• Stories and Notes: Movie Title: Becket Starring: Richard Burton as Thomas a Becket and Peter O'Toole as King Henry II Released: 1964 Production: Paramount
• To Lady Kathleen: 23 x great grandfather
• Occupation: 1154 to 1189; King of England

Notes:

Occupation:
First of the Angevin kings. He ruled an empire that stretched from the Tweed to the Pyrenees. In spite of frequent hostitilties with the French King his own family and rebellious Barons (culminating in the great revolt of 1173-74) and hisquarre l with Thomas Becket, Henry maintained control over his possessions until shortly before his death. His judicial andadministrative reforms which increased Royal control and influence at the expense of the Barons were of great constitutional impo rtance. Introduced trial by Jury.

Henry married Princess of Aquitaine Eleanor in 1152 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, , Aquitaine, France. Eleanor (daughter of Duke of Aquitaine William, X and Eleanor De Rochefoucauld) was born in 1122 in Bordeaux, , Aquitaine, France; died on 1 Apr 1204 in Abbey of Fontevrault, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, , Anjou, , Rhone-Alpes, France; was buried in Abbey of Fontevrault, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, , Anjou, , Rhone-Alpes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Occupation: Princess, Queen of France, Queen of England, Countess of Saintonge, Angoumois, Limousin, Auvergne, Bordeaux, Agen.
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

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• Occupation: Count of Angouleme
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Aymer married Alice Courtaney in 1180 in Angouleme, , Poitou-Charentes, France. Alice (daughter of Peter Courtaney, I and Elizabeth De Courtenay) was born in 1160 in Courtenay, Galinios, France; died on 14 Sep 1211 in , , , France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

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• Occupation: Count of Provence
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Alfonso married Gersinde Sabran about 1195. Gersinde (daughter of Raimund Sabran) was born in 1180; died in 1209. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

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• Occupation: Count of Savoy
• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent

Thomas married Beatrice Faucigny about 1200. Beatrice (daughter of Henry Faucigny, I) was born in 1180; died in 1257. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• To Lady Kathleen: Great GrandParent